Facts for Kids

The Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) is a large sea duck 🦆 found in the northern parts of the world! This bird is best known for its soft down feathers, which were once used to make pillows and comforters. Common Eiders are about 20 to 26 inches long and can weigh between 2 to 4.5 pounds. They’re famous for their striking colors—males are usually black and white with a greenish nape, while females are mottled brown. You can find them swimming in the cold waters of the Arctic and North Atlantic!

Did you know that Common Eiders can dive as deep as 60 feet? 😲

Their down feathers help keep them warm in freezing water! Also, they are social birds that often form groups called flocks. These ducks are known for their unique quacks and whistles, which help them communicate within their flocks. Fun fact: A single Common Eider can eat around 3,000 clams in a day. Talk about a big appetite! Don’t forget to keep an eye out for Common Eiders the next time you go to the beach!

Common Eiders are migratory birds! 🕊

️ In the fall, they travel south to enjoy warmer waters, and in spring, they head back north to breed. This journey can be quite challenging, as they face strong winds and rocky waters. Some Eiders travel hundreds of miles to reach their breeding grounds. They often form flocks during migration, flying together in a “V” formation, which helps save energy. Watching a flock of Eiders in flight is a spectacular sight!

Common Eiders are currently listed as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 🛡

️ However, some populations are threatened due to habitat loss, pollution, and hunting. Areas with lots of human activity may not be suitable for eiders because they prefer quiet, natural environments. Conservation efforts are in place to help protect their habitats. Supporting clean oceans and protecting coastal areas allows us to help these amazing birds thrive!

Common Eiders are caring parents! 🥚

During spring, females build nests using seaweed, grasses, and down feathers from their bodies. They usually lay about 4 to 6 eggs, and it takes about 25 to 30 days for the eggs to hatch. The mother keeps her eggs warm and safe. Once the ducklings hatch, they are quick to leave the nest and waddle to the water! The female stays close and protects her young ones as they learn to swim. Isn't it amazing how they take care of their families?

Common Eiders have a special place in the lives of people living in northern regions. 🥰

In Iceland, the down feathers they produce are highly valued and harvested carefully. Eiders are also featured in folklore and stories of the Arctic, representing nature’s beauty and resilience. Traditionally, local communities protect their nesting sites, showing respect for the Eider's role in their culture and environment. These birds are not just beautiful; they symbolize the connection between humans and nature!

Common Eiders thrive in cold coastal areas! 🏔

️ You can spot them in locations like Canada, Greenland, and Iceland. They prefer places with rocky shores, islands, and sometimes even marshy coastal areas. During the winter, they migrate south to temperate regions, such as New England in the United States and the United Kingdom. In summer, they move to their breeding grounds in the Arctic and sub-Arctic. Keep an eye out for them near the sea—watching them swim is a real treat!

Male Common Eiders are stunning! They have a black-and-white body with a beautiful light green patch on their necks. 🦆✨ Females, on the other hand, are more subdued, sporting a brownish coat with dark streaks for camouflage. Their heavy bodies allow them to dive deep underwater to find food. Eiders have big, wide bills that are perfect for filtering out their favorite snacks. Plus, their feet are webbed, which helps them swim fast and gracefully through the chilly ocean waters!

What do Common Eiders eat? These ducks enjoy a special diet! 🥗

They primarily feast on mollusks, crustaceans, and marine invertebrates. Eiders are excellent divers, often going underwater for about 30 seconds to find food! They can dive deep, up to about 60 feet! Their broad bills act like strainers to help them catch small sea creatures. Sometimes, they even use teamwork—group diving helps them scare fish into tight schools, making it easier for everyone to feast together!

Compared to other ducks like the Mallard or the Wood Duck, Common Eiders are much larger and have a unique lifestyle. 🦆

The Mallard is smaller, and its males have a green head, while Wood Ducks have iridescent plumage. Unlike many ducks that nest in trees or brush, Eiders nest on the ground, often using seaweed and feathers. They also spend more time in the ocean rather than on freshwater lakes or rivers. Each duck species has its unique traits, but the Common Eider stands out with its beauty and sea-loving habits!